Scientific Solutions ^® Inc.

LabMaster ^® AD

Product Description Our Solution Includes Key Features Applications Functional Description Analog-to-Digital Conversion Digital-to-Analog Conversion Timer/Counter Digital I/O Interrupts System Resources Technical Specifications Frequently Asked Questions

LabMaster AD provides true 12 bit 330kHz measurements on a single ISA card! Complete 100% compatibility with the LabMaster AD! True 12 bit ADC and DAC High-speed 330kHz operation! Capable of Multiple Concurrent DMA and/or IRQ for optional performance! On-board Sample Memory for data integrity in long-latency operating systems! Full length ISA card The LabMaster Advanced Design (AD) combines the features of several high-performance products into a single PC card. With a full range of features such as Analog Input, Analog Output, Digital I/O and Precision Timer/Counters - the LabMaster AD provides the functionality required for a wide range of test and measurement applications.  Great care is taken in the design and manufacturing of the LabMaster AD to insure a quality product that provides accuracy and stability for demanding applications. Its unique features, rugged design and reliability make it ideal for acquiring and analyzing data in industrial, scientific, and educational fields. Whether your applications are laboratory research, product development or production testing, the LabMaster AD is up to the task and should provide you with years of reliable and trusted service. Scientific Solutions has been providing data acquisition products since 1974. The LabMaster products from Scientific Solutions are the longest selling and supported PC based data acquisition products in the world. First introduced in 1981, they created the PC data acquisition market and were the world's first add in products of any type for the IBM PC. The LabMaster AD continues with this fine tradition. The LabMaster AD has been updated and is now called the LabMaster ADEX.  The LabMaster ADEX remains 100% compatible with the LabMaster AD, but also has some updates including: Smaller physical size: Now only 8.3" long (210 mm) 16 bit A/D and D/A (upgrade from the 12-bit on the LabMaster AD) Larger on-board sample memory

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Product Description

The LabMaster Advanced Design (AD) brings the power, performance, and flexibility needed to handle the toughest assignments in engineering and scientific research. Designed for today's faster ISA systems, the LabMaster AD delivers the advanced features you expect in a data acquisition interface, with the precision of current technology and ease of use of an all software configurable interface.

LabMaster AD is an advanced data acquisition product. It features high speed analog-to-digital conversion, sample FIFO buffering, coordinated simultaneous ADC and DAC capabilities, programmable gain amplifiers, high speed counters/timers and digital I/O on a single card. The product comes complete with the LabMaster card, cabling, and desktop connector termination unit.

The 12-bit analog to digital converter (ADC) handles 16 to 64 input lines at rates up to 330,000 samples/second. Precision software programmable gain amplifiers handle voltage ranges between ±1.25V and ±10V. Two independent 12-bit digital to analog converters (DAC) supply a ±10V output range. Five 16-bit precision counters can time intervals with 250nsec. resolution or count events up to 6MHz. Digital I/O lines (8 input/16 output) connect to switches, LEDs, relays, etc. Connections are made using one 60-pin high density connector with included RF-shielded cable.

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Our Solution Includes

• True 12-bit Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog Conversion.
• 1.5 meter double shielded cable
• Desktop Unit (several versions available)
• Software Drivers

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Key Features

• True 12-bit Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog Conversion.
• Provides 100% compatibility with popular LabMaster AD.
• 12 Analog input channels expandable to 64.
• High data rates (330,000 samples/second) to provide maximum speed and versatility.
• Dual High-Speed (500KHz) Analog Outputs.
• Five 16-bit High Resolution Cascadable Timer/Counters.
• Digital I/O lines - 8 in, 8 out, 8 FIFO controlled for digital pattern generation or digital In/Out expansion
• Digital output coordinated with DACs (can be used with DMA)
• Provisions for digital I/O & ADC expansion
• Precision Software programmable gain amplifiers.
• High-performance ADC Channel / Gain Array with auto-increment allows automatic sampling of the analog inputs in any order with different gains at full speed.
• Dedicated on-board FIFO memory for high-performance acquisition and waveform generation with reduced CPU overhead
• On-board timers provide timed, simultaneous ADC and DAC updates.
• Continuous DAC output with on-board memory buffering and DMA - excellent for clean waveform generation!
• Timed, simultaneous DAC updates ("no-jitter" analog outputs)
• Coordinated ADC and DAC on simultaneous DMA channels (allows for simultaneous "record & playback")
• Multiple active hardware interrupts
• Advanced Surface mount technology for high reliability
• Advanced ESD protection against damage by human static discharge or lightning strikes.

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Applications

• Energy Management
• Chromatography
• BioMedical (neuron stimulation, muscular stress)
• Psychology (infant stimulation, stimulus/response, interval timing, Galvanic skin response)
• Process Automation (relay control, stepper motor control, timing/counting, die cutting monitor)
• Test and Measurement (PC board tester, particle counter, component solderability determination)

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Functional Description

The LabMaster AD installs into an ISA expansion slot of a computer. A single high-density connector is provided for easy access to all  input and output lines.  The  LabMaster AD is capable of multiple concurrent DMA and/or IRQ levels for optimal performance. Designed for maximum flexibility, all features on the LabMaster AD are software programmable.  The LabMaster AD provides complete compatibility with the LabMaster AD while providing higher resolution A/D and D/A functionality.

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Analog-to-Digital Conversion (ADC)

The Analog-to-Digital converter (ADC) is a 12-bit successive approximation converter with a 3µSec. conversion time for a maximum throughput of 330kHz. The analog inputs (single-ended or  true-differential) pass thru a programmable, precision gain amplifier prior to the analog-to-digital conversion.  Examples  of analog inputs are: Temperature, Flow, Displacement, Voltage, Current, Acceleration, Velocity, Level, Pressure,  Moisture, and Humidity.

A conversion can be started by a software command, a  trigger signal from one of the on-board precision timer/counters, a rising edge from an external source, or self-triggered by the end of the last conversion. An on-board channel/gain memory allows any combination of channels and gains with complete auto-sequencing and burst mode performance. Channels can be selected for conversion one at a time or as a set. The software enabled auto-scan feature automatically increments  the channel number with each conversion. Both the starting and ending channel in the sequence are software selectable.

Converted data is transferred to dedicated  on-board sample memory buffers.  The buffers permit full-speed operation under non-real time operating systems.  High speed transfer of the data to memory is possible using the Direct Memory Access (DMA) capabilities of the computer. When DMA is used, the end of the conversion strobe will initiate the DMA request. When not using  DMA, the end of a conversion can be detected by using an interrupt or  polling the status register. Data is transferred  by reading the converted data byte from the buffer memory or via automatic DMA transfer.

A/D conversions can be coordinated to occur simultaneously with D/A updates.  The LabMaster AD comes with 16 to 64 analog input channels.

Analog-to-Digital Conversion Features

Resolution	True 12-bit performance over industrial temperature range
Input Range	-10volts to +10volts
Conversion Time	3µSec, allows for 330kHz sampling rate
Input Channel Count	12 to 64, single-ended or differential configuration.
Input Current	100pAmps
Input Source Impedance	<10Kohms
S/(N+D)	93dB Typical
THD	-100dB typical
performance	No missing codes over temperature
Voltage Reference	2ppm/ deg C high-precision low tempco dedicated ADC reference
Integral linearity	± 1 LSB
Offset Error	Auto-calibrated to zero
Full Scale Error	Auto-calibrated within 1/3 LSB (100uVolts)
Programmable Gain	1, 2, 4, 8
On-Board Sample Memory	4 KBytes
Input Protection	± 35 volts
Gain Switching Time	500nsec
Gain Nonlinearity vs. Temperature	0.0003%
Configuration	All ADC features are set by software
ADC Trigger (software selectable)	On-board precision timer External TTL trigger Software Initiated strobe
On-Board Channel Gain Array Table	Permits converting channels in any sequence at any gain at full speed
Sampling Modes (at maximum rate)	Single Channel Non-consecutive channels Auto-scan blocks of channels
Data Format	12-bit Two's Complement
Data Transfer	Direct Memory Access (DMA) allows samples to be transferred from on-board memory to system memory without using the CPU
Interrupt Sources (software enabled)	End-of-Conversion ADC Data Memory Overrun Bus Mastering Terminal Count

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Digital-to-Analog Conversion (DAC)

Two independent 12-bit Digital-to-Analog converters (DAC) can be accurately and simultaneously updated at a 500KHz rate.  The DACs have output ranges of ±10V.  Each output value is latched and remains constant until the next digital value is presented to the DAC.  The DACs are precisely updated from an on-board sample memory buffer with replay control for wave-from generation with zero CPU overhead.  The on-board memory buffer can be loaded using PIO instructions or from system memory using DMA.  The latching of the DAC data is controlled by an on-board precision timer which can be programmed to provide the desired "sample" (update) rate.  Alternatively, an external supplied signal can be used to update the DAC from the on-board memory.As an example of using the DAC, an application could fill the DAC on-board memory buffer with samples to generate a waveform.  The LabMaster AD could then be configured to play out the samples to the DAC at a very precise rate.  After the samples have been sent to the DAC, the waveform generation could then stop, or the waveform could be continuously played from the on-board memory if configured for "repetitive" mode.  The on-board timers are very precise and have very little jitter.  The use of the on-board precision timer source for controlling the DAC update results in waveform generation with very low harmonic distortion.

Digital-to-Analog Conversion Features

Resolution	True 12-bit performance over industrial temperature range
Output Range	-10volts to +10volts
Update Rate	500KHz
Channel Count	2
DNL and INL	1 LSB max
Power-on / reset	DAC outputs initialize to 0.00 volts
Glitch Impulse	< 2nV - Sec
Output current	5ma
On-board Memory	4KBytes with auto-buffer replay for continuous waveform generation and glitch-free performance.
DAC update (software selectable)	On-board precision timer External "update" signal
Data Format	12-bit Two's Complement
Data Transfer	Direct Memory Access (DMA) allows samples to be transferred from system memory to on-board memory without using the CPU
Interrupt Sources (software enabled)	DAC Data Under-run Data Transfer Terminal Count

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System Timer/Counter (STC)

Five independent 16-bit counters count TTL compatible pulses (rising or falling edge) generated from a wide range of equipment and sensors.  Six separate source and gate input lines are provided on the external connector for signals that can be used by any counter.  A TTL compatible pulse/level output signal is available from three counters for the user applications. Each gateable counter counts up or down (binary or BCD).  The accumulated count may be read at any time without disturbing the counting process.  Each of the counters can be connected to others to form a counter with resolution up to 80 bits.  The counters provide a resolution of 250nSec. to 2.5mSec.  External events can be counted at speeds to 6.25MHz.

System Timer/Counter Features

Resolution	Each counter is 16-bits and can be cascaded to 80-bits
Number of counters	Five independent counters
Logic Thresholds	TTL
Interval Counting Resolution	250nSec
Event Counting	6.25Mhz (160 nSec. intervals)
On-board frequency sources	5 precision sources for interval timing to 250nSec resolution.
Input/Output Protection	Advanced ESD and Over-voltage protection with fast 6nSec switching
Counter signals 15 total signals	Each counter has individual Input (TTL compatible pulses) Output (TTL load, pulse/level) Gate (TTL edge or level)
Uses for Counter Outputs	Trigger A/D conversions Update D/A conversions Trigger hardware interrupts Square & complex waveforms Gate counters on/off Drive TTL devices

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Digital Input/Output (DIO)

Digital Input/Output is supported by dedicated 8 lines of digital input and 8 lines of digital output. An additional 8 digital output lines are provided and can be used for general outputs, or coordinated with the DAC outputs (including DMA control).  These lines can also be used with a strobe line as a bank select register to expand the Digital I/O up to 256 Bytes.

Digital Input/Output Features

Digital Inputs	Dedicated 8-bit
Digital Outputs	Dedicated 8-bit
Expansion Outputs	8-bit can be used for: Additional 8 digital outputs Expansion of DIO to 2048 bits Digital waveform from FIFO
Digital Sample Memory	4KBytes for expansion outputs
Logic Thresholds	TTL
Current sink/source	10 ma
Input/Output Protection	Advanced ESD and Over-voltage protection with fast 6nSec switching

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Interrupts

Hardware interrupts (IRQs) allow the computer to react to special events when they occur.  The LabMaster AD provides software enabled sources for up to three simultaneous interrupts. Internal interrupt sources are counter output, A/D or D/A data overrun, and A/D or D/A DMA transfer complete.  High speed Direct Memory Accessing (DMA) permit the transfer of data to/from the LabMaster card without CPU intervention.  Normally two DMA channels are used to allow simultaneous ADC and DAC operations.  A single interrupt can be used with the ISR interrogating a status register to determine the interrupt source.  Alternatively, two separate interrupt sources can be used for ADC and DAC operations.

Interrupts & DMA Features

Interrupt Channels (software selectable)	Supports three simultaneous interrupts.  Normally one used, with status register to determine source
Interrupt Sources (software enabled)	Counter Output A/D over-run D/A under-run A/D DMA transfer complete D/A DMA transfer complete
DMA Channels	Normally two used for independent, simultaneously ADC and DAC operations.
DMA sources	A/D data from card memory D/A data to card memory

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System Resources

The LabMaster AD occupies a single ISA slot.  The connection from the computer to the outside world is thru a small 60 pin High-Density connector.  The LabMaster AD comes with a double-shielded 1.5 meter cable.  The connectors on the cable and on the LabMaster AD are designed for only one correct alignment.  The cable connectors have retaining clips that lock the cable to the mating connector on the computer board.  These clips prevent the cable from being accidentally disconnected and provide a very fast and easy method of connection.

The following picture shows the pin out of the 60pin connector as viewed from the back of the LabMaster AD.

The LabMaster AD occupies 16 locations in the I/O space of the computer.  The address of each card in your computer must be unique.  The default base address of 02C0h can be easily changed if there is an address conflict or you are installing multiple LabMaster AD cards in your system.

Besides the Base Address I/O space, the LabMaster AD can also use Interrupt and DMA resources of your computer.  These resources are software setable and are generally selected by your application software or the LabMaster AD device driver.

System Resources

Interrupt Channels (software selectable)	10, 11, 12 or 15
DMA Channels (software selectable)	5, 6 or 7
Base I/O Address (switch selectable)	02C0h-02CFh Easy to change if conflicts occur
Computer Interface	Single ISA 16-bit slot
Board Size	4.2" high x 13" long (107mm x 330mm)
External Connection	60pin High-Density
Standard Cable	Double Shielded, 1.5 meters

The LabMaster ADEX provides 100% compatibility with the original LabMaster AD.  It adds features such as true 16-bit A/D and D/A and is a much smaller size for today's slim case computers.  The following picture compares the size of the LabMaster AD and the LabMaster ADEX.  Current LabMaster AD users can trade-up to the LabMaster ADEX!

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Technical Specifications

A/D Characteristics

Resolution	12-bit
Input Range	±10V
±10V (per interval)	305µV/Int.
Conversion Time	3µSec.
Maximum Sampling rate	330,000 samples/second
Channel Count	16 to 64
Input Bias Current	100pAmps
Input Source Current	< 10Kohms
S/(N+D)	93dB typical
THD	-100dB typical
Low Drift Voltage Reference	2 ppm/ºC
Integral Linearity	±1 LSB
Full Scale Error	1/3 LSB, auto-calibrated
Offset Error	0 volts, auto-calibrated
Performance	No missing codes
Programmable Gain	1, 2, 4, 8
Gain switching time	500 nSec.
Gain Non-linearity vs. Temp	0.0003%
On-board Sample Memory	4 KBytes
Input Protection	±35 volts
Data Format	12 bit Two's Complement
Data Transfer	Demand mode DMA

D/A Characteristics

Resolution	12-bit
Output Range	±10V
±10V (per interval)	305µV/Int.
Maximum Update rate	500,000 samples/second
Channel Count	2
Differential Non-Linearity	1 LSB max
Integral Non-Linearity	1 LSB max
Power-on / reset condition	0 volts
Glitch Impulse	< 2nV - Sec.
Output Current	5ma
On-board Sample Memory	4 KBytes
Data Format	12 bit Two's Complement
Data Transfer	Demand mode DMA

System Timer/Counter Characteristics

Resolution	16-bit / counter
Number of Counters	5 Independent
Maximum Counter Resolution	80bit by cascading
Logic Thresholds	TTL
Interval Counting Resolution	250nSec.
Event Counting	6.25Mhz (160nSec. intervals)
Input/Output Protection	ESD Overvoltage, 6nSec. switching

Digital Input/Output Characteristics

Dedicated inputs	8-bit
Dedicated Outputs	8-bit
Expansion Outputs	8-bit
Input Expansion Capabilities	2048-bit
Output Expansion Capabilities	2048-bit
Digital Sample Memory	4 KBytes
Logic Thresholds	TTL
Current Sink/Source	9 ma
Input/Output Protection	ESD Overvoltage, 6nSec. switching

System Resources

Bus Interface	Single ISA slot
IRQ Channels (software selected)	10, 11, 12 or 15
DMA Channels ((software selected)	5, 6, or 7
I/O Address (switch selected)	16 locations
Default I/O Address	02C0h-02CFh
Bus Load	1 TTL load/bus line

Environmental Specifications

Operating Temperature	0º to 70º Celsius
Storage Temperature	-25º to +85º Celsius
Relative Humidity	To 95% non-condensing
Agency Approvals	Class A, CE-Mark

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Frequently Asked Questions

volts = (count) * (range) / (gain) / (2 raised to the power of "resolution")

Example: count of 3FFFh, range of -10v to +10v, gain = 1, resolution of 16bit:

note: 3FFFh = 16383 decimal

volts = (3FFF) * (20) / (1) / (2 raised to the power of 16)

volts = (16383) * (20) / (1) / (65536)

volts = 4.999

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